The present volume is the ninth in a series of ten volumes of the Selected Works of C. Rajagopalachari, being published in association with the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library.
This volume covers the period from January 1949 and December 1951. In his roles as the first—and subsequently the last—Indian Governor-General, a cabinet minister without portfolio, and finally as the Minister of Home Affairs, he played a key role in India’s transition to a sovereign Republic.
One of Rajaji’s main concerns was establishing relationships of trust between India and its immediate neighbours, including Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Afghanistan.
Rajaji advised the provisional government on matters that ranged from municipal administration, industry, journalism, agriculture, to education and employment, science and religion, the establishment of central institutions, and the allocation of central funds. We also have tributes paid by him to great personalities such as Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Annie Besant, Kasturba Gandhi, Thakkar Bapa, and Sarojini Naidu.
Rajaji’s views on capital punishment in the wake of the Mahatma’s assassination, his call to cultivate millets to meet nutritional deficiency, his perspective on the medium of instruction in educational institutions and on vocational education, and his disapproval of the nuclear arms race are also carefully recorded.
Ravi K. Mishra is Joint Director, Prime Ministers Museum and Library.
List of Illustrations Preface
1. New Year Greetings to Governor-General of Pakistan 1 January 1949 2. Advice on Upbringing of Children: Speech 1 January 1949 3. Speech at Bombay 7 January 1949 4. Political Wisdom of Tilak: Tribute 8 January 1949 5. Advice on Localisation of Industry 8 January 1949 6. Advice to Journalists 9 January 1949 7. Assurance to Muslims 9 January 1949 8. Inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi: Speech 10 January 1949 9. Letter to Navaratna Rama Rao 11 January 1949 10. Convocation Address: Delhi University 15 January 1949 11. Letter to John Matthai 19 January 1949 12. Message on Mahatma Gandhi’s Death Anniversary 29 January 1949 13. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 29 January 1949 14. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 30 January 1949 15. Doctrine of Unilateral Effort: Article 30 January 1949 16. Views on Gandhiji’s Message 30 January 1949 17. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 1 February 1949 18. Speech on India’s Naval Tradition 9 February 1949 19. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 15 February 1949 20. Speech at Ajmer 20 February 1949 21. Speech on Gandhiji’s Ideals 22 February 1949 22. Tribute to Sarojini Naidu 2 March 1949 23. Address at the Cremation of Sarojini Naidu 2 March 1949 24. Letter to Padmaja Naidu 3 March 1949 25. Letter to Padmaja Naidu 5 March 1949 26. Letter to Lord Mountbatten 10 March 1949 27. Use of Spirituous Drinks in India: Message 2 April 1949 28. Preface of the Book: University Addresses 2 April 1949 29. Letter to Navaratna Rama Rao 23 April 1949 30. Letter to Maharaja Mohan Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana 24 April 1949 31. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 25 April 1949 32. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 28 April 1949 33. Letter to Edwina Mountbatten 7 May 1949 34. Tribute to Lord Buddha 12 May 1949 35. India’s Spiritual Heritage: Speech 14 May 1949 36. Address to the All-India Newspaper Editors’ Conference 16 May 1949 37. Letter to Sri Prakasa 24 May 1949 38. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 24 May 1949 39. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 6 June 1949 40. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 7 June 1949 41. Letter to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad 7 June 1949 42. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 8 June 1949 43. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 11 June 1949 44. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 11 June 1949 45. Letter to Ramdas Gandhi 14 June 1949 46. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 15 June 1949 47. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 16 June 1949 48. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 16 June 1949 49. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 16 June 1949 50. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 19 June 1949 51. Letter to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad 20 June 1949 52. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 20 June 1949 53. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 24 June 1949 54. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 24 June 1949 55. Views on Capital Punishment 28 June 1949 56. Letter to Kishorilal G. Mashruwalla June 1949 57. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 1 July 1949 58. Letter to Kishorilal G. Mashruwalla 2 July 1949 59. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 3 July 1949 60. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 3 July 1949 61. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 5 July 1949 62. Appeal to Upper Classes: Broadcast to the Nation 6 July 1949 63. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 20 July 1949 64. Letter to Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi 20 July 1949 65. Value of Religious Festivals: Message on Eid 27 July 1949 66. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 4 August 1949 67. “Make India Great”: Exhortation to Students 7 August 1949 68. Suggestion on Educational Reform: Speech 8 August 1949 69. Advice to the Middle Classes on Education and Employment 10 August 1949 70. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 12 August 1949 71. Message on Pakistan’s National Day 13 August 1949 72. Letter to Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit 14 August 1949 73. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 26 August 1949 74. Letter to Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi 27 August 1949 75. Letter to Bhim Sen Sachar 27 August 1949 76. Letter to Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit 6 September 1949 77. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 8 September 1949 78. Foreword to the book Thakkar Bapa, Eightieth Birthday Commemoration Volume 16 September 1949 79. Message for Dusshera 22 September 1949 80. Condolence Message on the Death of 24 September 1949 Major-General Atma Singh 81. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 24 September 1949 82. Appeal to Farmers and Wage-Earners 1 October 1949 83. Message to the Government of Madras 2 October 1949 84. Address to the Government House Staff 2 October 1949 85. Birthday Wishes to Jawaharlal Nehru 10 October 1949 86. Letter to Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi 16 October 1949 87. United Nations should be Strengthened: Message 23 October 1949 88. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 24 October 1949 89. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 24 October 1949 90. Letter to Lord Mountbatten 27 October 1949 91. Letter to P. S. Kumaraswami Raja 6 November 1949 92. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 8 November 1949 93. Letter to Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi 14 November 1949 94. Letter to Edwina Mountbatten 16 November 1949 95. Speech at Gauhati 26 November 1949 96. Advice to People of Assam 27 November 1949 97. Speech at Cuttack 30 November 1949 98. Speech at Puri 1 December 1949 99. Message on Gita 4 December 1949 100. Letter to Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi 7 December 1949 101. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 7 December 1949 102. Letter to B. Rama Rau 8 December 1949 103. Address to Students 16 December 1949 104. Advice on Value of Millets 17 December 1949 105. Convocation Address: Mysore University 19 December 1949 106. Speech on the Integration of Hyderabad 21 December 1949 107. Address at Osmania University 22 December 1949 108. Letter to Edwina Mountbatten 31 December 1949 109. Letter to H. P. Mody 8 January 1950 110. Letter to P. N. Sampath 12 January 1950 111. Letter to Mira Behn 12 January 1950 112. Letter to P. Subbarayan 13 January 1950 113. Follow Dharma and Eschew Adharma: Article 17 January 1950 114. People must Work Harder: Advice to the Refugees 19 January 1950 115. Enriching Modern Medicine 19 January 1950 116. Advice on Scientists’ Role in India 21 January 1950 117. Advice to Government House Employees 22 January 1950 118. Letter to Dalai Lama 23 January 1950 119. Letter to Sri Prakasa 23 January 1950 120. Speech on Value of Truth in Life 24 January 1950 121. Message to the Union Cabinet and the Prime Minister 25 January 1950 122. Letter to Rajendra Prasad 27 January 1950 123. Letter to Navaratna Rama Rao 20 March 1950 124. Message on Prohibition 5 April 1950 125. Nehru-Liaquat Pact Welcomed 8 April 1950 126. Nation Saved from Catastrophe: Comments to the Press 10 April 1950 127. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 11 April 1950 128. Letter to Syama Prasad Mookerjee 17 April 1950 129. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 18 April 1950 130. Advice to Government on Indians in Ceylon 23 April 1950 131. Great Achievement of Friendship 27 April 1950 132. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 15 May 1950 133. Interview to the Press Trust of India 22 May 1950 134. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 27 May 1950 135. Letter to Sri Prakasa 4 June 1950 136. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 8 June 1950 137. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 24 June 1950 138. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 30 June 1950 139. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 11 August 1950 140. Letter to Loy W. Henderson 25 August 1950 141. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 27 August 1950 142. Letter to Oliver Ernest Goonetilleke 29 August 1950 143. Letter to K. P. S. Menon 29 August 1950 144. Letter to the Secretary, Reception Committee 9 September 1950 145. Letter to Joginder Nath Kumar 11 September 1950 146. Letter to Herbert Anderson 12 September 1950 147. Letter to the Secretary, Reception Committee: 12 September 1950 Annual Session of Indian National Congress, 1950 148. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 14 September 1950 149. Letter to K. R. K. Menon 14 September 1950 150. Letter to F. W. Pollack 22 September 1950 151. Review of Nasik Session of Congress 22 September 1950 152. Letter to Ghanshyam Das Birla 23 September 1950 153. Letter to Mohanlal Saksena 25 September 1950 154. Letter to Bidhan Chandra Roy 28 September 1950 155. Letter to Purushottam Das Tandon 28 September 1950 156. Tribute to Annie Besant 1 October 1950 157. Tribute to Kasturba Gandhi 2 October 1950 158. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 3 October 1950 159. Letter to Surendra Nath Sen 3 October 1950 160. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 4 October 1950 161. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 5 October 1950 162. Letter to Chou Hsiang-Kuang 5 October 1950 163. Letter to P. S. Kumaraswami Raja 6 October 1950 164. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 11 October 1950 165. Letter to Purushottam Das Tandon 12 October 1950 166. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 13 October 1950 167. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 13 October 1950 168. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 13 October 1950 169. Letter to Oliver Ernest Goonetilleke 13 October 1950 170. Letter to Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar 14 October 1950 171. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 15 October 1950 172. Letter to the Chairman, Reception Committee, 15 October 1950 All India Hindi Sahitya Sammelan, Kotah 173. Letter to P. T. Rajan 17 October 1950 174. Solving Food Problem: Speech 21 October 1950 175. Speech at Ramakrishna Mission Student’s Home 22 October 1950 176. Speech at Bangalore 23 October 1950 177. Speech in Mysore Legislative Assembly 23 October 1950 178. Tribute to K. P. Lakshamana Rao 24 October 1950 179. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 26 October 1950 180. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 29 October 1950 181. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 29 October 1950 182. Letter to Louis Fischer 31 October 1950 183. Letter to Fathima Ismail 2 November 1950 184. Letter to V. M. Obaidullah 2 November 1950 185. Note to V. P. Menon 7 November 1950 186. Letter to Vallabhbhai Patel 11 November 1950 187. Letter to William Bross Llyod Jr 15 November 1950 188. Speech on Science and Religion 17 November 1950 189. Speech on Origin of the Universe 18 November 1950 190. Letter to Raghu Vira 18 November 1950 191. Address on Teachings of the Gita 20 November 1950 192. Letter to K. Madhava Menon 20 November 1950 193. Letter to V. K. Krishna Menon 30 November 1950 194. Letter to K. Venkataswami Naidu 5 December 1950 195. Letter to A. Seethapathy 7 December 1950 196. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 10 December 1950 197. Letter to Harekrushna Mahatab 13 December 1950 198. Letter to P. Govinda Menon 13 December 1950 199. Tribute to Vallabhbhai Patel 15 December 1950 200. Letter to Francis Robert Roy Bucher 16 December 1950 201. Letter to Dame Isobel Cripps 17 December 1950 202. Letter to H. C. Dasappa 18 December 1950 203. Letter to K. Balasubramania Ayyar 18 December 1950 204. Letter to K. C. Reddy 19 December 1950 205. Convocation Address: Lucknow University 20 December 1950 206. Letter to K. C. Reddy 22 December 1950 207. Letter to K. C. Reddy 23 December 1950 208. Appeal for Eradication of Drink Evil 26 December 1950 209. Propagation of Hindi: Message 27 December 1950 210. Letter to Navaratna Rama Rao 29 December 1950 211. Appeal for Strengthening the Authority 29 December 1950 of Parliament 212. Letter to P. S. Kumaraswami Raja 30 December 1950 213. Letter to Harekrushna Mahatab 30 December 1950 214. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 1 January 1951 215. Speech at World Power Conference, Delhi 11 January 1951 216. Speech at Olive Sapling Planting Ceremony, 15 January 1951 Delhi 217. Welcome Speech for the Prime Minister 16 January 1951 of Afghanistan 218. Letter to P. Govinda Menon 17 January 1951 219. Message to the Census Enumerators 17 January 1951 220. Letter to B. G. Kher 19 January 1951 221. Letter to M. K. Vellodi 20 January 1951 222. Tribute to Thyagaraja 26 January 1951 223. Recalling First Visit to Sabarmati 31 January 1951 224. Speech on Extension of the Preventive Detention Act 9 February 1951 225. Speech on Preventive Detention Act 15 February 1951 226. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 24 February 1951 227. Government’s Policy towards Communists and Hindu Mahasabha: Statement 10 March 1951 228. Letter to K. M. Panikkar 19 March 1951 229. Letter to Purushottam Das Tandon 24 March 1951 230. Notes on Middle Class 27 March 1951 231. Letter to Sri Prakasa 1 April 1951 232. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 4 April 1951 233. Speech in Parliament 5 April 1951 234. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 7 April 1951 235. Letter to P. S. Kumaraswami Raja 14 April 1951 236. Letter to Ranganath Ramachandra Diwakar 17 April 1951 237. Letter to Bidhan Chandra Roy 20 April 1951 238. Letter to B. R. Ambedkar 21 April 1951 239. Speech at the Intelligence Bureau Conference, Delhi 26 April 1951 240. Letter to P. S. Kumaraswami Raja 28 April 1951 241. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 19 May 1951 242. Government and the Press: Speech on the Constitution Bill 31 May 1951 243. Hindi in Various Competitive Examinations: Government’s Decision Explained 8 June 1951 244. Letter to Gulzarilal Nanda 9 June 1951 245. Letter to Devadas Gandhi 10 June 1951 246. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 10 June 1951 247. Letter to Frank Moraes 12 June 1951 248. Letter to K. Ramunni Menon 29 June 1951 249. Note on Communist Party 1 July 1951 250. Inaugural Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the New College by the Muslim Educational Association of South India 2 July 1951 251. Speech on the Opening of the Jamal Mahomed College 11 July 1951 252. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 16 July 1951 253. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 26 July 1951 254. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 26 July 1951 255. Letter to V. Natarajan 27 July 1951 256. Speech at the Inauguration of the Special Police Establishment Conference, Delhi 30 July 1951 257. Letter to Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah 1 August 1951 258. President Rule in Punjab: Speech in Parliament 9 August 1951 259. Letter to C. P. Ramaswami Aiyar 13 August 1951 260. Letter to K. Kamaraj 23 August 1951 261. Letter to C. R. Narasimhan 23 August 1951 262. Note on the Madras Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Bill 1951 25 August 1951 263. No pre-censorship will be imposed: Speech at Parliament 31 August 1951 264. Convocation Address: University of Jammu and Kashmir 1 September 1951 265. Letter to Gopichand Bhargava 2 September 1951 266. Letter to C.R. Narasimhan 6 September 1951 267. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 15 September 1951 268. Speech on Press Bill 15 September 1951 269. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 22 September 1951 270. Letter to J. Natarajan 23 September 1951 271. Letter to M. S. Krishnaswamy 6 October 1951 272. The Press Bill: Speech in Parliament 7 October 1951 273. Letter to Lord Mountbatten 8 October 1951 274. Deplores Press Reports 11 October 1951 275. Letter to Ghulam Mohammed Sahib 24 October 1951 276. Indo-America Friendship: Article 15 November 1951
Appendices
Appendix I 1. First President of Indian Republic: Rajaji Racing Rajendra 4 June 1949 2. Rajaji’s Sad Moments 4 June 1949 3. Letter to C. Rajagopalachari 30 May 1949 4. Enclosure 7 June 1949 5. Extract from Fortnightly Letter dated the 29 May 1949 29th May 1949 from the Hon’ble Premier of Assam to the Hon’ble the Prime Minister of India 6. Extract from G.V. Mavalankar’s letter 27 June 1949 dated 27 June 1949 to C. Rajagopalachari 7. Prisoners after Freedom 3 July 1949 8. Letter to Jawaharlal Nehru 26/29 June 1949 9. Note by the University Education Commission 1949 10. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research 11. Copy of Daily Report from the Central 3 November 1950 431 Intelligence Officer, Madhya Pradesh, Nagpur, dated 3 November 1950, to the Director, Intelligence Bureau, New Delhi
Appendix II: Miscellaneous Items 1. An Extract from The Gazette of India 28 January 1949 (Extraordinary)
Chronology (1949–51) Index