This fourth edition of Structural Design and Drawing consolidates the design features of both reinforced concrete and steel structures with emphasis on the current Indian Standard Code Specifications. It deals at length with most of the commonly used reinforced concrete and steel structures, rationalising the concepts with numerous design examples and exercises. Replete with detailed structural drawings and an exhaustive reference list, the book is ideal for students of civil and structural engineering as well as for teachers and practising engineers.

N Krishna Raju is Emeritus Professor of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Surathkal and M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru. He has also taught at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, and Lanchester College of Technology, UK. Dr Raju has received several awards for his research and work in the field of civil engineering, including the Sir Bowen Memorial Prize and the ICI Silver Jubilee Award. He has published over 60 research papers in reputed journals and is the author of several engineering monographs.

Table of Contents
Preface to the Fourth Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Acknowledgements
About the Author
Copyright Permissions
List of Symbols
List of Abbreviations

PART-I REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES (IS: 456-2000)
Chapter 1 Fundamental Concepts of Reinforced Concrete
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Evolution of Early Design Principles
1.3 Philosophy of Structural Design
1.4 Applications of Reinforced Concrete
1.5 National Codes and Handbooks
References | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 2 Structural Loading Standards
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Dead Loads
2.3 Live or Imposed Loads
2.4 Wind Loads
2.5 Impact Loads
2.6 Snow and Ice Loads
2.7 Seismic or Earthquake Loads
References | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 3 Basic Concepts of Limit-state Design
3.1 General Aspects
3.2 Limit-state Criteria
3.3 Partial Safety Factors
3.4 Characteristic and Design Loads
3.5 Characteristic and Design Strengths
3.6 Global Factor of Safety
References | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 4 Limit-state of Strength of Reinforced Concrete Structures
4.1 General Aspects
4.2 Flexural Strength
4.3 Shear Strength
4.4 Compressive Strength
4.5 Torsional Strength
4.6 Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete Members
4.7 Analysis Examples
4.8 Design Examples
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 5 Limit-state of Serviceability of Reinforced Concrete Structures
5.1 Introduction
5.2 IS: 456 Codified Deflection Limits
5.3 Calculation of Deflections (Theoretical Method)
5.4 Cracking in Structural Concrete Members
5.5 Design Examples
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 6 Reinforcement Specifications for Structural Concrete Members
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Reinforcements in Slabs
6.3 Reinforcements in Beams
6.4 Reinforcements in Columns
6.5 Reinforcements in Walls
6.6 Reinforcements in Earthquake Resisting Structures
6.7 Reinforcements in Water Retaining Structures
6.8 Reinforcement Sizes and Areas
References | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 7 T-beam and Slab Floor System
7.1 General Features
7.2 Design Parameters
7.3 Expressions for Mu and Ast for Preliminary Design
7.4 Transverse Reinforcement
7.5 Design of T-beams using SP: 16 Design Tables
7.6 Design Procedure for L-beams
7.7 Design Example of T-Beam Floor System
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 8 Flat-slab Floor System
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Types of Flat-slabs
8.3 Panel Divisions
8.4 Proportioning of Slab Thickness, Drop Panel and Column-head
8.5 Analysis and Design Methods
8.6 Design Example of Interior Panel
8.7 Design Example of Exterior Panel
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 9 Columns and Footings
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Classification of Columns
9.3 Effective Length of Columns
9.4 Design of Short Columns Under Compression with Uniaxial Bending
9.5 Design of Footings
9.6 Design of Reinforced Concrete Column and Footing
9.7 Design of Combined Footing
9.8 Design of Strap Footing
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 10 Water Tanks
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Types of Water Tanks
10.3 Design of Circular Water Tank
10.4 Design of Rectangular Water Tank
10.5 Design of Intze Type Overhead Tank
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 11 Retaining Walls
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Types of Retaining Walls
11.3 Forces Acting on Retaining Walls
11.4 Stability Requirements
11.5 Proportioning and Design of Retaining Walls
11.6 Design of Cantilever Retaining Wall
11.7 Design of Counterfort Type Retaining Wall
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 12 Staircases
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Types of Staircases
12.3 Loads on Staircases
12.4 Design Example
12.5 Design Example
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 13 Portal Frames
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Advantages of Portal Frames
13.3 Analysis and Design of Portal Frames
13.4 Design Example of a Hinged Portal Frame
13.5 Design Example of a Fixed Portal Frame
13.6 Design Example of a Rigid Frame Highway Bridge
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 14 Grid or Coffered Floors
14.1 General Features
14.2 Analysis of Grid Floors
14.3 Design Example
14.4 Design Example
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 15 Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Systems
15.1 General Aspects
15.2 Types of Reinforced Concrete Bridges
15.3 Analysis of Slab Bridge Decks
15.4 Design of Reinforced Concrete Slab Culvert for IRC Class AA Loads
15.5 Design of RCC T-beam Girder Bridge Deck
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

PART-II STEEL STRUCTURES (IS: 800 - 2007)
Chapter 16 Basic Design Principles of Steel Structures
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Evolution of Design Philosophies for Steel Structures
References | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 17 Limit-state Design Specifications for Structural Steel Members
17.1 General Aspects
17.2 Design of Tension Members
17.3 Design of Compression Members
17.4 Design of Flexural Members
17.5 Design of Plate Girders
17.6 Design for Combined Forces
17.7 Bolted Connections
17.8 Welded Connections
17.9 Working Stress Design
References | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 18 Design of Structural Connections
18.1 General Aspects
18.2 Bolted Connections Welded Connections
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 19 Design of Beams
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Effect of Lateral Support in Beams
19.3 Design of Laterally Restrained Beam
19.4 Design of Laterally Unrestrained Beam
19.5 Design of Crane Gantry Girder
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 20 Design of Plate Girders
20.1 General Features
20.2 Structural Elements of Plate Girder
20.3 General Design Procedure
20.4 Design Example
20.5 Design Example (Plate Girder with Thick Web Plate)
20.6 Design Example (Plate Girder with Thin Web Plate)
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 21 Design of Compression Members
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Design Example of Laced Column
21.3 Design Example of Battened Column
21.4 Design of Built-up Steel Column Using Angles
21.5 Type of Foundations for Columns
21.6 Design Example of Slab Base Foundation
21.7 Design Example of Gussetted Base Foundation
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 22 Steel-trussed Structures
22.1 General Features
22.2 Loads on Trusses
22.3 Design Features
22.4 Design of Roof Truss for Small Spans
22.5 Design of Tubular Roof Truss
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 23 Design of Beam Columns
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Structural Behaviour of Beam Columns
23.3 Codified Design Procedures
23.4 Design Procedure for Beam Columns
23.5 Design Example of Beam Columns
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 24 Design of Mill Bents
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Trussed Roofs for Mill Bents
24.3 Design Features of Mill Bents
24.4 Design Example of Mill Bent
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Chapter 25 Composite Bridge Deck Systems
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Shear Connectors
25.3 Design Example of Composite Bridge Deck
References | Exercises | Review Questions | Objective Type Questions

Appendix
Subject Index
Author Index