A textbook written specially for the UPSC Mains General Studies Paper-IV, Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude provides systematic guidance to students preparing for Civil Services examinations by presenting comprehensive material on the topic of ethics, integrity and aptitude.
The authors give a detailed account of the various principles of ethics and covers topics such as:
The book contains questions from previous years’ UPSC exams at the end of each chapter, as well as solved and unsolved case studies from the last ten years’ UPSC Civil Services Mains Examinations (2013–23). In addition, the book includes a few sample case studies with solutions, which are based on the authors’ knowledge of philosophy and administrative experience.
Written in a simple and lucid language, this comprehensive study of ethics will help aspirants prepare better for the civil services examinations.
S. S. Baredia is an Indian Railway Traffic Service (IRTS) officer in the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. Before he joined the civil services in 2016, he worked with Madhya Pradesh State Civil Services. He worked as Child Development Project Officer, Department of Women and Child Development; and served as CEO, Janpad Panchayat, Department of Panchayat Raj and Rural Development. In addition to his extensive experience as a civil servant, he has also taught Ethics in various reputed coaching institutes.
A. Lilhare is a postgraduate in English Literature. He has a vast experience in teaching aspirants for UPSC, State PSC and other examinations. He is the director of Ajab’s Academy, Delhi.
Introduction
1. Ethics and Human Interface Ethics: Essence, Determinants and Consequence; Why Ethics?; How are Ethical Frameworks Built?; Ethics and Morality; Ethics as a Guide to Life: The End Goal; Free Will and Determinism; Character in Ethics; The Historical Evolution of Ethics; Religion and Morality 2. Dimensions of Ethics Normative Ethics; Meta-Ethics; Applied Ethics; Evolutionary Ethics; Lying and Ethics 3. Ethics in Private and Public Relationships What, Why, How; Types of Conduct; Evolution and Emergence of Morality; Public and Private Relationships; Legal Intervention in the Realm of the Private 4. Human Values What are Values?; Hierarchy and Classification of Values; Value Theory of Milton Rokeach (1918–88); Value Theory of Clare W. Graves (1914–86); Choosing Personal Core Values; Role of Family in Inculcating Values; Role of Society in Inculcating Values; Role of Educational Institutions in Inculcating Values
5. Lessons from the Lives and Teachings of Great Leaders, Reformers and Administrators Mahatma Gandhi; Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel; Jawaharlal Nehru; Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar; Napoleon Bonaparte; Abraham Lincoln; Swami Vivekananda; Raja Rammohan Roy; Nelson Mandela; Martin Luther King Jr; George Washington; Deendayal Upadhyaya; Rammanohar Lohiya; Swami Dayananda Saraswati; Tulsidas; Kabir; Guru Nanak; Guru Ravidas; Sri Ramakrishna Paramhans; Sri Narayan Guru; Maulana Abul Kalam Azad; Rabindranath Tagore; Mother Teresa; A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 6. Attitude What is Attitude?; Components of Attitude: The Tripartite ABC Model; Implicit and Explicit Attitudes; Measuring Attitude; Behaviour, Intention, Beliefs and Goals; Functions of Attitude; Attitude and Behaviour; Attitude Formation and Attitude Change; Factors Controlling Attitude Change; Methods of Attitude Change; Goals and Attitude Change; Moral, Political and Bureaucratic Attitudes; Persuasion as a Model of Belief Correction for Attitude Change 7. Aptitude Introduction; Aptitude for the Civil Services; Intelligence; Role of Personality in Learning; Aptitude versus Attitude 8. Emotional Intelligence Introduction; Why is Emotional Intelligence Important?; Classifying Emotional Intelligence; How to Achieve Emotional Intelligence; Working with Emotional Intelligence; Models of Emotional Intelligence 9. Foundational Values for Civil Servants Introduction; Integrity; Objectivity; Impartiality and Non-Partisanship; Empathy; Dedication to Public Service; Tolerance; Compassion towards Weaker Sections; Courage of Conviction; Perseverance 10. Contributions of Moral Philosophers and Thinkers from India and the World Indian Philosophers; Ethics in Religion; Western Philosophers; Chinese Philosophers; Social Contract Theory; Contemporary Critique of Social Contract Theory 11. Ethics in Public Administration Status and Problem; The Politics-Administration Dichotomy; The Principles of Administration; Public Administration as Political Science; Public Administration as an Independent Discipline; Ethical Concerns in Government; Low Road Approach; High Road Approach; Public Service Ethos; Ethical Minimum and Ethical Maximum; Ethical Dilemma in Government; Ethical Dilemma in Private Institutions 12. Source of Ethical Guidance Laws, Rules and Regulations as Sources of Ethical Guidance; Conscience as the Source of Ethical Guidance 13. Accountability Accountability and Ethical Governance; Types of Accountability; Accountability and New Public Management 14. Strengthening of Ethical and Moral Values in Governance Introduction; Ethics Training for Public Servants; Steps taken by India in Ethics Training 15. Ethical Dilemma Introduction; Trolley Problem; How to Handle Ethical Dilemma 16. Ethics in International Relations Introduction; Ethical Theories of International Relations; Different Ideologies of International Relations; Ethics of International Funding 17. Corporate Governance Introduction; Ethics of Corporate Governance; Corporate Governance in India; Corporate Social Responsibility 18. Public Service Introduction; Meaning of ‘Public’ in Public Service; Public Interest; Conflict of Interest; Public Service Values 19. Probity in Governance Philosophical Basis of Governance; Good Governance; Key Challenges in Governance; Social Capital: A Shared Destiny; Philosophical Basis of Probity; Code of Ethics and Code of Conduct; Citizen’s Charter; Utilisation of Public Funds; Probity in Governance and Challenges of Corruption; Measures for Curbing Corruption and Ensuring Probity in Governance; Fourth Report of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission: Ethics in Governance; Causes of Corruption; Ethical Framework; Recommendations Related to Ethical Framework for Ministers; Ethical Framework for Legislatures; Code of Ethics for Civil Servants; Ethical Framework for the Judiciary; Legal Framework for Fighting Corruption; Protecting the Honest Civil Servants; Seventh Report of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission 20. Work Culture Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism, Masculinity/Femininity 21. Quality of Service Delivery Introduction; Framework for Quality Service Delivery; Six Sigma; Lean Methodology 22. Case Studies Solved Case Studies (UPSC Civil Services Mains Examinations 2013–19); Unsolved Case Studies (UPSC Civil Services Mains Examinations 2020–23); Sample Case Studies with Solutions
Bibliography